When Should You See a Nephrologist?

Consult the nephrology team at Kamineni Hospitals, LB Nagar if you experience any of the following:

• Swelling in the legs, face or around the eyes
• Foamy or frothy urine
• Blood in urine without a urological cause
• Persistently high blood pressure not responding to medication
• Elevated creatinine or reduced eGFR on blood tests
• Protein detected in urine on routine testing
• Diabetes or hypertension with signs of kidney involvement
• Family history of polycystic kidney disease or inherited kidney conditions
• Reduced urine output or no urine output
• Fatigue, weakness or anaemia linked to kidney disease

Kidney Conditions Treated at Kamineni Hospitals, LB Nagar

Primary Kidney Diseases

• Glomerulonephritis: Inflammation of the kidney’s filtering units causing protein or blood in urine.
• Nephrotic Syndrome: Heavy protein loss in urine causing swelling in the legs, face and abdomen.
• Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): A hereditary condition where fluid-filled cysts develop inside the kidneys.
• IgA Nephropathy: Immune deposits in the kidney filters causing blood in urine and gradual function decline.
• Renal Tubular Disorders: Tubular dysfunction causing electrolyte imbalances and acid-base abnormalities.

Systemic Diseases Affecting the Kidneys

• Diabetic Kidney Disease: Kidney damage from long-term high blood sugar, managed alongside diabetes care.
• Hypertensive Nephropathy: Progressive kidney damage from poorly controlled blood pressure.
• Lupus Nephritis: Autoimmune kidney inflammation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
• Recurrent UTI with Kidney Involvement: Persistent infections investigated for structural or functional kidney causes.

Complications of Kidney Disease

• Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Gradual decline in kidney function requiring long-term monitoring and management.
• Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): A sharp, often reversible drop in kidney function needing prompt treatment.
• End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD): Severe kidney failure requiring dialysis or transplant evaluation.
• Renal Anaemia: Reduced red blood cell production due to low erythropoietin from failing kidneys.
• CKD-Mineral Bone Disease: Calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone imbalances in CKD patients.
• Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances: Abnormal sodium, potassium or bicarbonate levels managed under nephrology care.

Nephrology Services at Kamineni Hospitals, LB Nagar

Chronic Kidney Disease Management

Managing CKD requires consistent review of multiple factors at every stage. The nephrology team monitors blood pressure, blood sugar, protein intake, fluid balance and medications at every follow-up. CKD management also includes dietary guidance covering protein restriction, salt reduction and phosphate control, alongside anaemia correction and bone disease management tailored to each patient’s stage.

Haemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis

When kidneys can no longer clean the blood, dialysis takes over. Kamineni Hospitals, LB Nagar offers haemodialysis through a dedicated dialysis unit and peritoneal dialysis for clinically appropriate patients. The nephrologist determines the modality, frequency and schedule based on kidney function, lifestyle and clinical condition.

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)

For critically ill patients with acute kidney failure in the ICU, standard dialysis may not be suitable. CRRT is a slow, continuous dialysis method for haemodynamically unstable patients with sepsis, multi-organ failure or post-surgical kidney injury, coordinated by the nephrology and critical care teams at Kamineni Hospitals, LB Nagar.

Acute Kidney Injury Treatment

AKI can often be reversed when identified and treated quickly. The nephrology team identifies the trigger, corrects fluid balance, adjusts medications and monitors recovery. Causes include infections, dehydration, medicines, surgery or complications of other illnesses. Early treatment restores kidney function in many cases.

Kidney Biopsy

A kidney biopsy confirms diagnoses that cannot be reached through blood and urine tests alone. A small tissue sample is taken under ultrasound guidance to confirm glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, lupus nephritis and other glomerular conditions, enabling precise treatment planning.

Interventional Nephrology

The nephrology team at Kamineni Hospitals, LB Nagar performs Permcath insertion for haemodialysis access and peritoneal dialysis catheter placement for patients starting peritoneal dialysis. These procedures are carried out under imaging guidance with appropriate anaesthesia support.

Pre and Post-Transplant Nephrology

Pre-transplant assessment covers kidney function status, dialysis adequacy, infection screening, cardiac fitness and comorbidity review. Post-transplant nephrology at Kamineni Hospitals, LB Nagar supports immunosuppressant monitoring, rejection surveillance and long-term kidney function follow-up.

Diagnostic Tests Available

• Serum creatinine and eGFR: measures kidney filtration rate
• Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio: detects protein leakage from kidneys
• 24-hour urine protein: total protein loss for nephrotic syndrome assessment
• Kidney ultrasound: size, structure and echogenicity of both kidneys
• Renal Doppler: blood flow in kidney arteries and veins
• Kidney biopsy: tissue diagnosis for glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease
• Electrolyte panel: sodium, potassium, bicarbonate and phosphate
• Parathyroid hormone (PTH): bone disease monitoring in CKD patients
• Haemoglobin and iron studies: renal anaemia evaluation and management
• Dialysis adequacy testing (Kt/V): effectiveness of each haemodialysis session
• Peritoneal equilibration test (PET): suitability for peritoneal dialysis