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Our team of cardiologists and cardiac surgeons coordinate closely, adopting a multi-disciplinary approach to provide patients with high-quality care and achieve outstanding outcomes.

Heart

The Cardiology Department at Kamineni Hospitals offers a comprehensive range of services. Our highly skilled board certified cardiologists are experts in handling all cardiac diseases, complications and emergencies. State-of-the-art catheter-based treatment and other minimally invasive procedures for various conditions such as congenital heart abnormalities, blocked arteries and damaged heart valves are regularly performed at Kamineni Hospitals.

Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery

The department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery at Kamineni Hospitals deals with various cardiac, pulmonary and vascular disorders and provides requisite surgical treatment. The department is equipped with highly advanced equipment and boasts of skilled medical personnel.

Interventional Cardiology

Interventional Cardiology department at Kamineni offers state-of-the-art catheter based treatment and other minimally invasive procedures for various conditions like congenital heart abnormalities, blocked arteries, damaged heart valves etc.

Kamineni’s board certified doctors are highly skilled in performing all Interventional Cardiology procedures mentioned below:

  • Coronary Angiography (CAG)
  • Balloon Angioplasty and Intracoronary Stenting of Coronary Arteries
  • Balloon Angioplasty and Stenting of Renal Arteries
  • Balloon Angioplasty and Stenting of Peripheral Arteries
  • Pacemaker Implantations
  • Intra Aortic Balloon Pump
  • Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICDs)

Kamineni Hospitals is renowned for world-class cardiac care. Our team of cardiologists and cardiac surgeons coordinate closely, adopting a multi-disciplinary approach to provide patients with high-quality care and achieve outstanding outcomes.

The department is equipped with highly advanced equipment and boasts of skilled medical personnel. The department is replete with the following high-end technology machines to assist in various cardiological procedures

Siemens Artis Zee Flat Plane Machine which has

  • Stent boost technology
  • Rotational Angiogram
  • DSA (Digital subtraction angiography) with table mounted Pressure Injector

Siemens Axiom Sensis which displays and records

  • ECG
  • Haemo dynamic pressures
  • O2 saturation

Datascope IABP (Intra Aortic balloon pump) Machine

Some of the regularly performed cardiac care surgeries at Kamineni Hospitals have been elaborated below for your understanding.

Angiography

Angiogram is done to diagnose blockages in blood vessels in the body. We, at Kamineni Hospitals, perform various types of angiographies, such as Coronary Angiography, Cerebral Angiography, Peripheral Angiography and Renal Angiography.

Angiography is done by injecting a dye (contrast) into the blood vessels and then by inserting the catheter from your hand or groin region with the help of a guiding wire into the artery and then guiding the catheter to the coronary artery or Carotid Artery / Peripheral Artery / Renal Artery. The blood flow is monitored by the doctor on a screen to decide upon the presence of blockage; if the blockage is present, then depending upon the percent of blockage, the doctor decides upon Balloon Angioplasty (stenting) or Bypass Surgery (CABG). Blockage happens when blood flow through the blood vessels gets choked due to deposition of fat, cholesterol and minerals. Choking of blood flow through the blood vessels causes damage to the organ affected.

After the procedure, the patients are shifted to our Intensive Coronary Care Unit, where they are placed under observation for as long as the cardiologist deems fit. Following discharge, patients generally recover well and are able to resume daily life without restrictions on certain activities and lifestyle changes.

Angioplasty

Angioplasty is required centrally for patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) or Carotid Artery Blockage or Peripheral Artery Blockage or Renal Artery Blockage. This blockage happens when blood flow through the arteries gets choked due to deposition of fat, cholesterol and minerals.

Angioplasty is used to widen a narrowed or obstructed artery, improving flow of blood. The procedure involves inserting a balloon on a guide wire, called balloon catheter, into the obstructed artery. The balloon is then inflated to crush the deposits and open up the blood vessel for improved flow. The balloon is then collapsed and withdrawn.

Kamineni Hospitals performs various complex angioplasties. After angioplasty, patients are closely monitored at ICUs for as long as the physician deems fit. Following discharge, patients generally recover well and are able to resume daily life with restrictions on certain activities and lifestyle changes.

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICDs)

If the patient has episodes of abnormal heart rhythm, which is because of CAD or heart failure or problem with electrical system of the heart, then he may need an ICD. ICD is a battery powered device which may help in fixing abnormal heart rhythm.

ICDs monitor the heart rhythm and regulate abnormal heart rhythms by sending electric pulses or shocks to the heart, which help in stabilizing heart rate. An ICD is implanted into a patient’s body with the help of a minimal surgical intervention, where the doctor puts leads of the ICD in a vein and guides them to the heart and places the programmed ICD under the skin and closes the incision. Patient is usually discharged with proper medical advice after 2-3 days of hospital stay.

Pacemaker Implantation

A pacemaker is an electronic device, essential in stabilizing the irregular heart rhythms (Bradycardia – abnormally slow heart rate or tachycardia- abnormally fast heart rate) in a patient. We use two types of pacemakers – Temporary Pacemakers and Permanent Pacemakers; depending on the patient’s health condition the appropriate pacemaker is chosen.

Pacemaker implantation procedure takes 1-2 hours, where the electrode is attached to the right ventricle of the heart by guiding the wire through the vein from the collarbone area and pulse generator is attached to the skin under the collarbone.

After the procedure the patient may require 1-2 days hospital stay with constant observation. Following discharge, patients generally recover well and are able to resume daily life with restrictions on certain activities and lifestyle changes.

CARDIAC SURGERY

The Department of Cardiac Surgery offers state-of-the-art surgical treatment for various heart disorders, across all age groups. Kamineni Hospitals is one of the few hospitals to provide Neonatal and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery.

Kamineni Hospitals is equipped with a dedicated Cardio Thoracic Intensive Care Unit, manned by a skilled team of cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, cardiac anesthetists and intensivists, providing high-quality cardiac care. Some of the critical procedures undertaken at Kamineni Hospitals have been elaborated below for your understanding.

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)

Why Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)?

When the coronary arteries get significantly blocked, blood supply to the heart is choked, causing chest pain. This is called Coronary Artery Disease or CAD. When CAD cannot be managed medically, a cardiologist in consultation with a cardiac surgeon may advise a Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery.

What happens during a CABG?

A cardiac surgeon will access the heart through the chest of a patient and operate on his/her blocked arteries and valves if needed. The purpose of a CABG is to provide an alternate route for blood supply to the heart, involving the use of a graft. A normal graft of an artery whether natural (taken from patient’s body) or an artificial graft is placed/grafted to the blocked artery to create another way for the blood to pass to the heart. An Intra Artery Balloon Pump (IABP) to ease blood flow may also be used if required. A CABG can take anywhere between 3-6 hours depending on blockages and complications.

What happens after a CABG?

At Kamineni Hospitals, the patients are monitored closely and stabilized for at least 3 days before and after the surgery at the dedicated CTICU. Once the surgeon and cardiologist are satisfied with the recovery, the patient may be shifted to a ward. Generally, a patient requires 10 days or more of hospitalization altogether. Following discharge patients generally recover well and are able to resume daily life with restrictions on certain activities and lifestyle changes.

Valvular Disease

The heart has 4 chambers and blood flows through the chambers pumping pure and impure blood throughout the body. The four chambers have doors, called valves, in them. If these valves are weakened or diseased then their functioning may be impaired. A valve may be slightly open even after blood is pumped out of the respective chamber. As a result, blood may regurgitate or backflow into chambers from which they are pumped out. This indicates ‘valvular disease’ whose symptoms include fatigue, dizziness, lightheadedness, shortness of breath, bluish skin tone, chest pain, fluid retention, especially in the lower limbs.

Replacement of valves

Valve replacement is done using either Metal Artificial Valve – created from carbon and polyester materials that have a life of 10-20 years, or a Biological Valve – created from human or animal tissue. The biological valves don’t last as long as an artificial valve.

Mitral Valve Replacement (MVR)

Mitral valve allows blood from left atrium to enter left ventricle. MVR involves replacing the defective Mitral Valve, which may have defects in either opening completely (Stenosis), which is difficult for the blood to enter or closing completely, which causes regurgitation.

Aortic Valve Replacement (AVR)

Aortic valve allows the blood from heart to flow outside. AVR involves replacing the defective Aortic valve, as it may have defects in closing-up, causing leakage of blood.

Double Valve Replacement (DVR)

DVR is replacement of both Mitral Valve and Aortic Valve

Pulmonary Valve Replacement

A pulmonary valve replacement is needed due to stenosis, which restricts blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle of the heart.
The surgeon makes an incision on the chest area and the patient is placed on the heart-lung machine and the diseased valves are replaced by making incisions on the aorta. The patient is hospitalised for at least 7-10 days and the complete recovery takes several weeks / months.

Replacement of valves:

Valve replacement is done using either
· Metal Artificial Valve – created from carbon and polyster materials; they have a life of 10-20 years
Or a
· Biological Valve – created from human or animal tissue; the biological valve don’t last as long as a artificial valve

Mitral Valve Replacement (MVR) – Mitral valve allows blood from left atrium to enter left ventrivle. MVR involves replacing the defective Mitral Valve, which may have defects in either opening completely (Stenosis), which is difficult for the blood to enter or closing completely, which causes regurgitation.
Aortic Valve Replacement (AVR) – Aortic valve allows the blood from heart to flow outside. AVR involves replacing the defective Aortic valve, as it may have defects in closing-up, causing leakage of blood.

Double Valve Replacement (DVR) – DVR is replacement of both Mitral Valve and Aortic Valve.
Pulmonary Valve Replacement – A pulmonary valve replacement is needed due to stenosis, which restricts blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle of the heart.
The surgeon makes an incision on the chest area and the patient is placed on the heart-lung machine and the diseased valves are replaced by making incisions on the aorta. The patient is hospitalised for at least 7-10 days and the complete recovery takes several weeks / months.

Pericarditis & Pericardiectomy

Pericardium is a tissue sac which surrounds the heart. Inflammation/ Infection of any layer of the pericardium is pericarditis. Symptoms include – increased heart rate, low-grade fever and chest pain – increasing by lying down or coughing or swallowing.

It is diagnosed with the help of examination and ECG. And it it treated with antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, Steroids. If it doesn’t subside then it may require surgical intervention – pericardiectomy, which involves removal of pericardial sac.

PEDIATRIC CARDIAC SURGERY

Pediatric Cardiac Surgery at Kamineni Hospitals specializes in dealing with complex heart problems faced by infants and young children. Our renowned cardiac specialists perform a number of child heart surgeries and interventional procedures, have innovative techniques and the latest technology at their disposal.

Congenital Heart Defects

Congenital heart defects are an abnormal heart condition present in the patient at birth. This can be detected in neonates and infants with symptoms such as breathing difficulties, low birth weight, feeding difficulties (in neonates), abnormal heart rhythms, dizziness, fainting, and fatigue. The congenital heart disease can affect valves or walls or vessels of the patient.

In few patients, where there is a mild congenital heart defect, it can be cured automatically, and in few cases, it may have severe effects which can be cured by medications or catheterisations or ICD implantations or surgeries such as wall closures or valve repairs.

Atrial Septal Defects & Ventricular Septal Defects

The most common cause of Septal Defects is a congenital heart disease. The Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a hole between the upper chambers of a heart and the Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) is a hole between your lower chambers of a heart.
If the patient is having mild septal defect then it will be cured by itself. But if the septal defect is severe then it may require surgical intervention. In few cases the septal defect arises due to blunt injury to the chest region.

The closure of the Procedure is an open heart surgery, where the patient is given general anesthesia and kept on a heart-lung machine while the surgeon closes the septal defect with stitches or a patch.
We in Kamineni even take up complicated neonates and pediatric septal defect cases.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus Surgery

This is a common congenital defect, it occurs if ‘Ductus Arteriosus’ does’t clode after birth. In adults Blood flow through pulmonary artery to collect oxygen and then the oxygenated blood is supplied to the body from aorts. ‘Ductus Arteriosus’ connects aorta and the pulmonary artery in the unborn baby and allows the blood to flow from pulmonary artery to aorta and to the body without going to lungs as the unborn baby gets oxygen from mother and not from his own lungs. It is supposed to be closed after the birth to not to allow the less oxygenated blood in pulmonary artery to flow into the oxygenated blood in the aorta.

In few cases the PDA will remain undetected and it may appear after the baby growing up. In the baby, the Symptoms include- sweating, rapid and heavy breathing, fatigue, poor weight gain, little interest in feeding. In adults the symptoms include- heart palpitations, shortness of breath, and complications such as high blood pressure in the lungs, an enlarged heart, or congestive heart failure.

It can be diagnosed by listening to the heart’s murmur, ECG, 2D Echo or Chest X ray. The detected PDA may be small or large, depending on the size the treatment varies- if the PDA is small, then it may close as the baby grows up and if the PDA doesn’t close by itself or the PDA is large then a medication or surgical intervention is needed.

In the surgical Intervention, the Patient is sedated and a small is incision is made on the chest region and the surgeon further operates and closes the PDA with the help of ligation (Stitches). Patient may require to stay 3-4 days after surgery and will be discharged with proper advise on activities and diet of the patient.

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